Prominent characters which allow easy identification are in bold. Descriptions are based on personal observations of living plants on the ridge, herbarium specimens deposited at the herbarium of the Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore (SINU), as well as several publications (Keng, 1983,1990; Keng et al, 1998). Information on the uses of plants are primarily from Burkill (1968), Sarawak Forestry Department (1954), and Wee (1992). Other sources are cited in the text. Nomenclature follows Turner, Chua, & Tan (1990).